We investigated the potential of DHA-enriched phosphatidylserine (DHA-PS) in addressing liver injuries caused by cyclophosphamide in mice. By administering cyclophosphamide over five days, we created a model to simulate this liver damage. Following this, we treated the mice with different doses of DHA-PS for a week to see if it could help heal their livers.
Our findings were quite promising. The mice receiving DHA-PS experienced significant improvements in key liver health indicators, including reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. Through advanced analysis, we discovered that DHA-PS helped correct metabolic imbalances caused by cyclophosphamide, which is a crucial aspect of liver recovery.
Additionally, we observed that DHA-PS has a positive impact on the gut-liver axis. This treatment restored the intestinal barrier, reduced harmful compounds in the bloodstream, and improved overall gut microbiota health. By balancing the gut bacteria, we enhanced the overall health of the mice.
Overall, the results suggest that DHA-PS could be a valuable therapeutic option or functional food for combating liver injuries related to cyclophosphamide. This study highlights the potential benefits of DHA on liver health and underscores the importance of the gut-liver connection.
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9
DHA's Role in Liver Health
Biosynthetic deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid causes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and ferroptosis-mediated hepatocyte injury.
We explored the impact of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on the health of our liver, especially regarding nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Using a zebrafish model with a specific mutation that prevents the production of DHA, we aimed to understand how this absence affects liver lipid balance and overall liver health.
Our findings revealed that without sufficient DHA, the liver showed increased fat storage and issues with fat processing. Instead of breaking down fats as it should, the liver was overwhelmed with lipids, leading to the telltale signs of NAFLD. Additionally, we noted that the liver cells in our mutated model were suffering from structural damage and stress, primarily through a process known as ferroptosis—rather than the more commonly known apoptosis.
Interestingly, when we supplemented these fish with DHA through diet or genetic modifications, we observed a remarkable improvement in liver health. This suggests that maintaining proper levels of DHA is crucial for preventing fatty liver disease and protecting liver cells from damage.
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8
Eicosapentaenoic acid improves liver fibrosis
EPA-rich Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass regulates gut microbiota, alleviates inflammation and ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats.
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), derived from the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica, affects liver disease, particularly focusing on its potential to address liver fibrosis in rats. In a structured study, we divided the rats into groups that received varying doses of the EPA-rich algae alongside a control group given fish oil, known for its omega-3 content.
Our research revealed that the rats fed with the highest dose of the N. oceanica biomass experienced marked improvements. The serum levels of liver enzymes and cholesterol, which typically rise due to liver damage, saw a significant decline in those rats. We also noted that the histological examinations indicated less inflammation and lesser damage to liver cells in the groups consuming the algal biomass.
Additionally, the study showed positive changes in gut microbiota. We observed an increase in beneficial bacteria associated with short-chain fatty acid production in the groups fed with EPA. This suggests that not only does EPA help with liver health, but it might also positively influence gut health.
Ultimately, our findings suggest that N. oceanica biomass, with its high EPA content, can be an effective supplement for reducing liver fibrosis, offering an alternative to traditional fish oil in promoting liver health.
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Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Reduces inflammation
This is a basic health supplement. Omega reduces inflammation in the body and is essential for the health of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver.
Read More
7.5
Basic health supplement
This is a basic health maintenance nutraceutical recommended for everyone. Omega reduces inflammation in the body, is essential for the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver. I take two tablets during breakfast and two during lunch, and I’ve ordered another two months for a full three-month course.
Read More
7.5
Supports vascular health
5 people found this helpful
I tried it for a change, as I regularly take Omega for the health of my blood vessels and liver disease. I recommend it to everyone!
We explored the effectiveness of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a key component of Antarctic krill oil, in battling obesity and its associated liver issues. Our investigation specifically aimed to understand how EPA influences cholesterol levels and overall liver health, especially in the context of diet-induced obesity.
Using a mouse model and analyzing various molecular pathways, we observed that a high-fat diet led to increased oxidative stress and obesity-related indicators, which are harmful to liver function. However, the introduction of EPA showed promising results in reducing oxidative stress, fat accumulation, and improving key metabolic parameters. These improvements were linked to better cholesterol management and support for liver health.
The findings suggest that EPA might serve as a valuable intervention for those struggling with obesity-related liver disease. By enhancing cholesterol metabolism and addressing oxidative stress, EPA could play a role in the prevention and treatment of these conditions. Overall, our results indicate a potential pathway for therapeutic applications in liver health through EPA supplementation.
Read More
9
Tyrosol positively impacts liver health
Tyrosol regulates hepatic lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced NAFLD mice.
We conducted an intriguing study to explore the effects of tyrosol (TYR), a compound enriched with beneficial properties, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. Males of the C57BL/6J strain were divided into groups that received either a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet supplemented with 0.025% TYR for 16 weeks.
Observations revealed that the mice consuming the TYR-enriched diet experienced a notable decrease in both final body weight and liver fat accumulation compared to those on just the high-fat diet. A closer examination of liver metabolites showed an increase in key substances, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which suggests that TYR positively influences lipid metabolism and supports liver health.
We further investigated the mechanism behind these benefits and found that TYR interacts with a receptor known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα). This interaction is crucial in regulating liver lipid processing, helping to turn on the genes that promote better lipid management.
Overall, this compelling evidence indicates that TYR, particularly through its role involving EPA and PPARα, could be a promising dietary addition for alleviating fatty liver disease in contexts of poor diets. We are excited about these insights and their potential implications for improving liver health.
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and other omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) on liver inflammation related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Using a transgenic mouse model known as fat-1 mice, we saw how increased levels of n-3 PUFA in tissues could play a role in reducing liver damage associated with colitis.
Our study pointed out that those fat-1 mice experienced less severe liver inflammation and oxidative stress compared to wild-type mice when subjected to a chemical that induces colitis. This is significant because while many discussions around omega-3 fatty acids center on their benefits for gut health, our findings suggest they also hold promise in addressing liver complications that might arise due to gut inflammation.
Additionally, we observed notable increases in certain beneficial metabolites derived from EPA, which are linked to reducing inflammation. These findings underline a strong connection between dietary n-3 PUFA intake and less oxidative stress in the liver, which could open up new avenues for therapeutic approaches in managing IBD and its systemic effects.
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9
DHA combined with MCTs beneficial
Cosupplementation with DHA and medium-chain triglycerides ameliorates NAFLD and reduces amyloid-β accumulation by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism in APP/PS1 mice.
We explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on liver disease, specifically looking at its role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its potential connection to Alzheimer's disease. Our study conducted on APP/PS1 mice involved four groups of animals fed different diets—one with DHA, one with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), and one that combined both treatments.
Throughout the study, which lasted eight months, we observed a significant reduction in blood and liver lipids in the group that received both DHA and MCTs. This combination not only alleviated signs of NAFLD but also reduced the buildup of amyloid-β (Aβ), a protein linked to Alzheimer's, in the brain and serum.
Additionally, our findings indicated that DHA combined with MCTs improved the activity of liver enzymes critical for lipid metabolism. This suggests that these compounds together may enhance the liver's ability to clear fat and cholesterol while also increasing Aβ clearance.
While we noted the benefits of DHA, it's important to remember that the effects we observed were influenced by the combination with MCTs, making it challenging to pinpoint DHA's isolated impact. Still, our research provides valuable insight into how enhancing dietary fats could support liver health and potentially mitigate connections to neurodegenerative diseases.
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9
Docosahexaenoic acid for liver cancer
APT imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma signals an effective therapeutic response in advance of tumor shrinkage.
We explored the effectiveness of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), particularly when delivered via nanoparticles, in treating liver disease, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in three rodent models. Our focus was on understanding how DHA affects HCC lesions as well as the performance of weighted amide proton transfer (APT) MRI as a monitoring tool.
In all three models—diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced HCC, N1S1 syngeneic orthotopic xenograft, and human HepG2 ectopic xenograft—the APT MRI revealed higher signals from the cancerous tissue compared to surrounding normal tissue. Notably, in the DEN model, we found that the APT signal could effectively differentiate between malignant lesions and benign nodules.
After administering LDL-DHA nanoparticles directly into tumors, we observed a rapid decrease in APT signals within 72 hours, suggesting a promising therapeutic response. This trend was consistent in both N1S1 and HepG2 xenografts, indicating that DHA's effects, accelerated by nanoparticles, hold potential for therapeutic applications in liver cancer management.
Overall, our findings underscore the utility of APT imaging in the diagnostic and therapeutic landscapes of HCC, showcasing how innovative delivery methods can enhance treatment outcomes.
This is a basic health supplement. Omega reduces inflammation in the body and is essential for the health of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver.
Read More
7.5
Basic health supplement
This is a basic health maintenance nutraceutical recommended for everyone. Omega reduces inflammation in the body, is essential for the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver. I take two tablets during breakfast and two during lunch, and I’ve ordered another two months for a full three-month course.
Read More
7.5
Supports vascular health
5 people found this helpful
I tried it for a change, as I regularly take Omega for the health of my blood vessels and liver disease. I recommend it to everyone!
Read More
7.5
Reduces skin inflammation
A very good product that helps to reduce inflammation in the body and skin. It should be taken regularly to protect the liver, brain, and heart.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
Liver disease encompasses a variety of conditions that affect the liver's ability to function effectively. The liver is a vital organ responsible for many important tasks, including metabolizing nutrients, detoxifying harmful substances, and producing bile for digestion. Common forms of liver disease include hepatitis, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Each of these conditions can significantly impact liver function and overall health, leading to symptoms that range from fatigue and jaundice to more serious complications requiring urgent medical attention.
The causes of liver disease are diverse and can include chronic alcohol abuse, viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic conditions like obesity and diabetes. Early detection is key to managing liver disease effectively, often involving lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes surgical interventions. Regular check-ups and liver function tests are recommended for individuals at higher risk, such as those with a family history of liver disease or those who lead certain lifestyle habits. Adopting a balanced diet and reducing alcohol intake can greatly aid in liver health and help prevent the onset of these conditions.
Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.
Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.
Recent studies suggest that Omega-3 fish oil may offer some benefits for individuals with liver disease, particularly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The fatty acids found in fish oil can help reduce liver inflammation and improve lipid profiles, which may lead to improved liver function in some patients. Specifically, Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to potentially decrease liver fat and promote overall metabolic health, making them a valuable addition to a hepatic health regimen under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
However, while Omega-3 fish oil can be beneficial, it's important to note that it is not a standalone treatment for liver disease. It should be considered as part of a comprehensive approach that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and other lifestyle modifications. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any supplement, especially if you have pre-existing liver conditions or are taking medications that could interact with fish oil. More research is needed to fully understand the extent of Omega-3's effects on liver disease, but it does show promise as a supportive therapy.
Based on user reviews, the time it typically takes to see results from this supplement for liver disease isn't explicitly mentioned. However, users have reported incorporating the supplement into their routine and committing to a full course of two to three months for optimal results. For instance, one reviewer indicates they ordered an additional two months to complete a three-month regimen, suggesting that consistency is important when taking this supplement for liver health Read Review.
Another reviewer, who regularly takes Omega specifically for liver disease, advocates for its benefits, indicating that users are likely to experience positive effects if taken consistently as part of a health regimen Read Review. While individual results may vary, it's reasonable to assume that seeing significant benefits could take several weeks to a few months, aligning with the experiences shared by those who have made it a regular part of their health routine.
Research indicates that Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid, is supported by various scientific studies for its beneficial effects on liver health. For instance, a study found that EPA derived from marine microalgae significantly reduced liver fibrosis and improved liver enzyme levels in rats, demonstrating its potential as an effective supplement for liver health [1]. Other studies showed that EPA can positively influence liver metabolism and inflammation, particularly in individuals with obesity and metabolic disorders, making it a viable option for addressing conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [2], [22].
Moreover, EPA has been associated with improved outcomes in liver diseases connected to obesity and inflammation. For example, findings indicated that EPA supplementation could aid in reducing liver fat accumulation and oxidative stress in mouse models, further supporting its role in liver health [3], [12]. These promising results collectively underscore the potential of EPA as a beneficial supplement for individuals facing liver disease or related conditions.
Users have reported varied improvements in symptoms after incorporating this supplement into their health regimes, particularly highlighting its ability to reduce inflammation throughout the body. One reviewer emphasizes its impact on overall health, noting that it is essential for the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver, suggesting a comprehensive benefit to these critical areas when used consistently Read Review. Additionally, another user confirmed that by maintaining this supplement in their routine, they experienced significant non-specific health benefits, including support for their blood vessels and liver disease Read Review.
Furthermore, users recommend taking the supplement regularly for optimal results; one noted improvement in skin-related inflammation, showcasing its multifaceted effects Read Review. While the anecdotal evidence suggests users have found value in this supplement for liver and overall health, individual experiences can vary, and it's important to acknowledge that results may differ based on personal health conditions and adherence to dosage recommendations.
Users have reported positive experiences when combining this supplement with other supplements for managing liver disease. One user specifically noted that they regularly take Omega not just for their blood vessel health but also for better liver function, suggesting an endorsement of its role in a supportive supplement routine for those facing liver issues Read Review. Another reviewer echoed the sentiments about the supplement's multifaceted benefits, emphasizing its importance in reducing inflammation, which can be crucial for liver health as well as overall wellness Read Review.
Moreover, users mentioned routine use—taking multiple doses daily—as beneficial not only for liver health but also for enhancing the overall functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems Read Review. The consistent incorporation of this supplement, often along with others, seemed to boost its effectiveness in managing symptoms related to liver disease while also addressing overall inflammatory responses in the body Read Review. However, individual results may vary, and combining supplements should ideally be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Based on user reviews, it appears that a dosage of Omega 3 Fish Oil may vary based on individual health needs, particularly for those seeking to support liver health. One user reports taking two tablets during breakfast and another two during lunch, totaling four tablets a day, which they have integrated into a three-month course for overall health maintenance Read Review. Additionally, another user emphasizes that regular intake is essential for optimal liver protection and inflammation reduction, suggesting a consistent regimen is key Read Review.
While specific dosages were not universally agreed upon in the reviews, the overall consensus appears to advocate for a minimum of daily intake and highlights the importance of consistency for efficacy in managing liver disease and related inflammation. Given that Omega 3 Fish Oil can be beneficial for multiple systems in the body, including the liver, users suggest integrating it into daily routines Read Review. If you are considering Omega 3 Fish Oil for liver health, consulting with a healthcare provider for personalized dosing recommendations is advisable.
7.5
Basic health supplement
This is a basic health maintenance nutraceutical recommended for everyone. Omega reduces inflammation in the body, is essential for the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver. I take two tablets during breakfast and two during lunch, and I’ve ordered another two months for a full three-month course.
7.5
Supports vascular health
5 people found this helpful
I tried it for a change, as I regularly take Omega for the health of my blood vessels and liver disease. I recommend it to everyone!
7.5
Reduces inflammation
This is a basic health supplement. Omega reduces inflammation in the body and is essential for the health of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, brain, and liver.
7.5
Reduces skin inflammation
A very good product that helps to reduce inflammation in the body and skin. It should be taken regularly to protect the liver, brain, and heart.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid improves liver fibrosis
EPA-rich Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass regulates gut microbiota, alleviates inflammation and ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats.
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), derived from the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica, affects liver disease, particularly focusing on its potential to address liver fibrosis in rats. In a structured study, we divided the rats into groups that received varying doses of the EPA-rich algae alongside a control group given fish oil, known for its omega-3 content.
Our research revealed that the rats fed with the highest dose of the N. oceanica biomass experienced marked improvements. The serum levels of liver enzymes and cholesterol, which typically rise due to liver damage, saw a significant decline in those rats. We also noted that the histological examinations indicated less inflammation and lesser damage to liver cells in the groups consuming the algal biomass.
Additionally, the study showed positive changes in gut microbiota. We observed an increase in beneficial bacteria associated with short-chain fatty acid production in the groups fed with EPA. This suggests that not only does EPA help with liver health, but it might also positively influence gut health.
Ultimately, our findings suggest that N. oceanica biomass, with its high EPA content, can be an effective supplement for reducing liver fibrosis, offering an alternative to traditional fish oil in promoting liver health.
7
Eicosapentaenoic acid alters liver genes
The effect of long-chain n-3 PUFA on liver transcriptome in human obesity.
We aimed to understand how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid, impacts liver health in individuals struggling with obesity. To do this, we conducted a study involving patients with obesity, specifically those with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m² or higher. Over the course of eight weeks, these participants received either 3.36 grams of n-3 PUFAs, which included 1.84 grams of EPA and 1.53 grams of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), or a control of 5 grams of butter.
Afterward, as part of their pre-bariatric surgery routine, we collected liver biopsies to analyze gene expression changes. Utilizing Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we identified 80 significantly altered pathways linked to crucial functions such as metabolism and immune response. Notably, EPA treatment improved pathways involved in immune functions and lipid metabolism, while it decreased those associated with glucagon signaling.
Our findings underscore the potential of eicosapentaenoic acid to affect metabolic and immune processes in the liver of obese patients. This research paves the way for further exploration of EPA’s benefits and its role in addressing liver conditions associated with obesity.
9
Nutrient cocktail improves liver health
Use of a Micronutrient Cocktail to Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Pilot Clinical Trial.
We conducted a study to understand how a specific mix of nutrients, including docosahexaenoic acid, impacts liver health in adults suffering from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) due to obesity. This involved a carefully controlled pilot clinical trial where participants were either given a nutrient cocktail or a placebo over three months.
The results were quite promising. Those who received the nutrient cocktail had notable reductions in liver fat content and fibrosis as indicated by improvements in their liver scans. Specifically, we observed an average reduction of 4% in the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and 7.8% in transient elastography (TE) scores among the treatment group.
Although docosahexaenoic acid was part of this nutrient blend, the study didn't isolate its effects. Therefore, while the overall findings suggest that such a supplementation might enhance liver health, the individual contribution of docosahexaenoic acid remains unclear. This points towards a need for more targeted research to fully understand its role in treating liver conditions.
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid aids liver health
Antarctic Krill Oil Supplementation Attenuates Hypercholesterolemia, Fatty Liver, and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.
We explored the effectiveness of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a key component of Antarctic krill oil, in battling obesity and its associated liver issues. Our investigation specifically aimed to understand how EPA influences cholesterol levels and overall liver health, especially in the context of diet-induced obesity.
Using a mouse model and analyzing various molecular pathways, we observed that a high-fat diet led to increased oxidative stress and obesity-related indicators, which are harmful to liver function. However, the introduction of EPA showed promising results in reducing oxidative stress, fat accumulation, and improving key metabolic parameters. These improvements were linked to better cholesterol management and support for liver health.
The findings suggest that EPA might serve as a valuable intervention for those struggling with obesity-related liver disease. By enhancing cholesterol metabolism and addressing oxidative stress, EPA could play a role in the prevention and treatment of these conditions. Overall, our results indicate a potential pathway for therapeutic applications in liver health through EPA supplementation.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid benefits liver health
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid or triacylglycerol form attenuate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via mediating cannabinoid receptor 1/adiponectin/ceramide pathway.
We aimed to explore the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on liver health, particularly its role in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In our study, we developed a model using mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. After nine weeks, these mice displayed significant weight gain and liver issues commonly seen in NAFLD.
We then evaluated three sources of omega-3 fatty acids: krill oil, DHA/EPA in phospholipid form, and EPA/DHA in triacylglycerol form. All three forms showed promise in reducing liver fat and improving liver function markers. However, krill oil stood out, providing substantial benefits over the other forms.
Notably, krill oil not only reduced liver fat but also led to significant drops in harmful liver enzymes and cholesterol levels compared to the control diet. We noticed a decrease in certain endocannabinoids in the bloodstream, coupled with an increase in adiponectin—a protein that supports healthy metabolism. Lowering harmful ceramide levels also played a role in protecting the liver and promoting better fat processing.
Overall, the data suggests that krill oil may offer superior benefits for managing NAFLD compared to other omega-3 sources like DHA/EPA-PL and EPA/DHA-TAG. This exploration into the specific mechanisms behind these differences helps us better understand how EPA and its various forms can contribute to liver health.
References
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Choi JH, Park SE, Kim S. Antarctic Krill Oil Supplementation Attenuates Hypercholesterolemia, Fatty Liver, and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16213614
MacLeod B, Wang C, Brown LH, Borkowski E, Nakamura MT, et al. Fads2 knockout mice reveal that ALA prevention of hepatic steatosis is dependent on delta-6 desaturase activity. J Lipid Res. 2024;65:100642. 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100642
Sumida W, Tainaka T, Shirota C, Makita S, Amano H, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid administration ameliorates the progression of liver fibrosis after laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy. Pediatr Surg Int. 2024;40:239. 10.1007/s00383-024-05800-2
Sabinari I, Horakova O, Cajka T, Kleinova V, Wieckowski MR, et al. Influence of Lipid Class Used for Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Liver Fat Accumulation in MASLD. Physiol Res. 2024;73:S295.
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Iizasa S, Nagao K, Tsuge K, Nagano Y, Yanagita T. Identification of genes regulated by lipids from seaweed Susabinori (Pyropia yezoensis) involved in the improvement of hepatic steatosis: Insights from RNA-Seq analysis in obese db/db mice. PLoS One. 2023;18:e0295591. 10.1371/journal.pone.0295591
Hull MA, Ow PL, Ruddock S, Brend T, Smith AF, et al. Randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial of the effect of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on colorectal cancer recurrence and survival after surgery for resectable liver metastases: EPA for Metastasis Trial 2 (EMT2) study protocol. BMJ Open. 2023;13:e077427. 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077427
Videla LA, Valenzuela R, Del Campo A, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Omega-3 Lipid Mediators: Modulation of the M1/M2 Macrophage Phenotype and Its Protective Role in Chronic Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24. 10.3390/ijms242115528
Chen YF, Fan ZK, Gao X, Zhou F, Guo XF, et al. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid or triacylglycerol form attenuate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via mediating cannabinoid receptor 1/adiponectin/ceramide pathway. J Nutr Biochem. 2024;123:109484. 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109484
Liu W, Zhu M, Gong M, Zheng W, Zeng X, et al. Comparison of the Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Liver Lipid Disorders in Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2023;15. 10.3390/nu15143200
Rohwer N, Jelleschitz J, Höhn A, Weber D, Kühl AA, et al. Prevention of colitis-induced liver oxidative stress and inflammation in a transgenic mouse model with increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Redox Biol. 2023;64:102803. 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102803
Roque-Jiménez JA, Oviedo-Ojeda MF, Whalin M, Lee-Rangel HA, Relling AE. Ewe early gestation supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids affects the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue fatty acid profile and liver mRNA expression in the offspring. J Anim Sci. 2023;101. 10.1093/jas/skad144
Zhang Z, Zhou Q, Li Z, Huang F, Mo K, et al. DTX2 attenuates Lenvatinib-induced ferroptosis by suppressing docosahexaenoic acid biosynthesis through HSD17B4-dependent peroxisomal β-oxidation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Resist Updat. 2025;81:101224. 10.1016/j.drup.2025.101224
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Wang X, Ishimatsu K, Li J, Wen X, Ou W, et al. APT imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma signals an effective therapeutic response in advance of tumor shrinkage. Hepat Oncol. 2024;11:2389031. 10.1080/20450923.2024.2389031
Li J, Guo J, Yuen M, Yuen H, Peng Q. The comparative effects of ω-7 fatty acid-rich sea buckthorn oil and ω-3 fatty acid-rich DHA algal oil on improving high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Food Funct. 2025;16:1241. 10.1039/d4fo04961f
Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Zhao R, Lu Y, Jiang S, et al. Efficacy of DHA-enriched phosphatidylserine and its underlying mechanism in alleviating polystyrene nanoplastics-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2024;142:113154. 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113154
Yang J, Félix-Soriano E, Martínez-Gayo A, Ibañez-Santos J, Sáinz N, et al. SIRT1 and FOXO1 role on MASLD risk: effects of DHA-rich n-3 PUFA supplementation and exercise in aged obese female mice and in post-menopausal overweight/obese women. J Physiol Biochem. 2024;80:697. 10.1007/s13105-024-01044-9
Perva IT, Simina IE, Bende R, Motofelea AC, Chirita Emandi A, et al. Use of a Micronutrient Cocktail to Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Pilot Clinical Trial. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024;60. 10.3390/medicina60081366
Zhang H, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Dong J, Jiang S, et al. DHA-enriched phosphatidylserine ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury via regulating the gut-liver axis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2024;140:112895. 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112895
Guo C, Liu Z, Fan H, Wang H, Zhang X, et al. Nonlinear relationships of circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids with the complications of liver cirrhosis: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Clin Nutr. 2024;43:2083. 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.027
Alkhouri N, McCarthy D, Bayne AV, Blonquist T, Yurko-Mauro K, et al. The effect of vitamin E and docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)-A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (PUVENAFLD). Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2024;60:552. 10.1111/apt.18149
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